Question About Damage Calculation

[azurerogue]

I've been reading through various sites about ragnarok and trying to figure out exactly how damage calculations work in this game.

So far I've got this as a rough summary:

Final Damage = ((Base Damage + Additive Damage Boosts) * Multiplicative Damage Bonuses)

My question is how does damage reduction work?

I know that the final damage chosen from the min-max damage range is reduced by Equipment Def by the percentage listed as the first number next to DEF. And then I know that a weird range somewhere surrounding 80-100% of your actual VIT score is subtracted from the final damage rating. I suppose my real question is this: where do reductions like Thara Card and Raydric Card and Energy Coat come in?

My next question is this: do Raydric / Thara / Energy Coat stack if a Demi-Human uses a neutral attack on you while you have full SP? If they do stack, how does it work? Raydric = 20%, Thara = 30% and Energy Coat = 30%. So would that give you 80% damage reduction 100 Base Damage ---> (100*(1-(.2)+(.3)+(.3)) = 20 Final Damage

Or would it give 39.2 Damage Reduction?

100 Base Damage ---> )(((100*(1-.2))*(1-.3))*(1-.3)) = 39.2 Final Damage

Last question, sorry, but do these reductions apply before or after Armor and Vit DEF? Thanks for any help you can give. Cheers!